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CK20、CK19、CEA在肺癌患者外周血中的表达及其意义

时间:2010-08-02 13:07来源:生物吧 作者:刘浩 点击:
作者:郭英 王景美 黄培林 作者单位:1Department of Pathology, Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China; 2Department of Pathology, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical

作者:郭英 王景美 黄培林 作者单位:1Department of Pathology, Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China; 2Department of Pathology, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China; 3Department of Pathology and Pathphysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, S

 

 

【摘要】 背景与目的 恶性肿瘤在其早期阶段即可能发生微转移,由于进入血液循环中的肿瘤细胞数目极少,常规的检测手段不易发现,现代分子生物学技术进展使微转移检测成为可能。本研究联合检测肺癌患者的外周血CK20、CK19、CEA mRNA表达,并分析其临床意义。方法 应用巢式RT-PCR法分析83例肺癌患者外周血单个核细胞CK20、CK19、CEA mRNA表达情况;另取15例食管癌组织为阳性对照,15例非肿瘤患者外周血为阴性对照。结果 83例肺癌患者外周血中,CK20阳性表达率为34/83(41.0%),CK19阳性表达率为30/83(36.1%),CEA阳性表达率为40/83(48.2%);三者至少一项阳性的表达率为61/83(73.5%)。15例食管癌组织中CK20、CK19、CEA阳性表达率100%,15例阴性对照组外周血CK19、CEA阳性表达率均为2/15(13.3%);CK20阳性表达率为1/15(6.67%)。CK20、CK19、CEA mRNA 阳性表达与肿瘤有无转移有关(P<0.05),与肿瘤患者的年龄、性别无关。结论 CK20、CK19、CEA mRNA可作为检测肺癌患者外周血微转移的靶基因,联合检测CK20、CK19、CEA可增加外周血循环癌细胞的检出率,CK20、CK19、CEA mRNA同时表达可增加实验结果特异性。
【关键词】 肺肿瘤;逆转录-聚合酶链式反应;角蛋白;癌胚抗原
【中图分类号】 R734.2 DOI:10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2009.09.014Clinical Significance of CK20, CK19, CEA mRNAs in Peripheral Bloodfrom Lung Cancer Patients
Ying GUO1, Jingmei WANG2, Peilin HUANG31Department of Pathology, Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China; 2Department of Pathology,
the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China; 3Department of Pathology and Pathphysiology,School of Basic Medical Science, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, ChinaCorresponding author: Peilin HUANG, E-mail: hpl@seu.edu.cn
【Abstract】 Background and objective The tumor cells may disseminate into circulation even in early stages. However,the numbers of such cells are so small that they cannot be detected by conventional diagnostic methods. Developmentsin molecular technology have made it possible to detect small numbers of tumor cells in peripheral blood. In this study, 83preoperative peripheral blood samples from patients with lung cancer were analyzed for the determination of CEA, CK19, and CK20 mRNA expression in peripheral blood, and its clinical significance was evaluated. Methods Nested reverse transcriptasepolymerase chain reaction (nested RT-PCR) was used to analyze CEA, CK19, and CK20 mRNA expression in peripheral blood. Fresh tumor tissues from patients with esophageal cancer (n=15) were used as a positive control, and blood samples from 15 healthy volunteers as a negative control. Results Among 83 blood samples from patients with lung cancer, the expression of CK20, CK19 and CEA mRNA was 41.0%, 36.1% and 48.2%, respectively. 73.5% were positive for at least one markers for these three genes, and were significantly correlated with the metastasis of the cancer (P<0.05), but had no correlation with age and sex.In primary esophageal tumors, 15 tumor tissues were all positive for CEA, CK19, and CK20 mRNA. 2 of 15 blood samples from healthy donors were positive for CK19 and CEA mRNA, and 1 of 15 blood sample positive for CK20 mRNA. Conclusion The three markers of CK20, CK19 and CEA mRNA could be the target genes in detecting circulating tumor cells in peripheral blood from patients with lung cancer. The combined detection of CK20, CK19 and CEA mRNA by RT-PCR assay may contribute to
the PCR positivity and sensitivity, and CK20, CK19, CEA mRNA expression increase the specificity.
【Key words】 Lung neoplasms; Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; Keratins; Carcinoembryonic antigen
 

This study was supported by the grant from the key project of Health Department of Jiangsu Province (to PeilinHUANG)(No.H200116).

肺癌是我国最常见的恶性肿瘤之一,其侵袭和转移是患者死亡的主要原因,而转移又受多基因、多因素、多步骤的调控。近年研究表明肿瘤在侵袭和转移的早期阶段就可能有癌细胞入血,即微转移(micrometastasis)。本研究应用巢式RT-PCR方法联合检测细胞角蛋白20 (cytokeratin20, CK20)、细胞角蛋白19(cytokeratin19,CK19)、癌胚抗原(carcinoembryonic antigen, CEA)mRNA在肺癌患者外周血中的表达,探究其临床病理意义。
1 材料和方法
1.1 病例选择 随机选择东南大学附属中大医院2000年12月-2005年9月胸外科收入的83例非小细胞肺癌患者。另取正常健康捐献者外周血15例为阴性对照;15例食管癌
肿瘤组织为阳性对照。肿瘤患者组平均年龄55.9岁(41岁-82岁),男性50人,女性33人。健康捐献者平均年龄37.8岁(22岁-58岁),男性10人,女性5人。
1.2 主要试剂 淋巴细胞分离液、DEPC(上海生物工程技术公司);Taq、dNTP(冷泉港生物工程公司);DNA酶I;引物序列参照文献[1],由上海申友生物公司合成。
1.3 外周血单个核细胞分离和总RNA提取 术前取血3 mL,以枸橼酸钠抗凝,淋巴细胞分离液分离单个核细胞。肿瘤组织以匀浆器研碎得细胞悬液。Trizol一步法分别提取总RNA,以无RNA酶的DNA酶I去除混杂的DNA,-70 oC保存备用。
1.4 逆转录合成cDNA和PCR扩增及结果观察 取1 μg-2 μg细胞总RNA,70 oC 6 min变性后,根据Takara RNA试剂盒进行cDNA第一链合成。CK20、CK19采用巢式PCR方
法,CEA采用半巢式PCR方法。各取5 μL逆转录产物行第一轮PCR,第一轮PCR反应产物0.5 μL行第二轮PCR,另有10×PCR Buffer、dNTP及Mgcl2等, 反应总体积均为
25 μL。各基因扩增条件见参考文献[1],β-actin、CK20、CK19及CEA终产物片段长度分别为531 bp、303 bp、319bp及131 bp。各取5 μL PCR终产物在1.4%琼脂糖凝胶板
上电泳,溴化乙锭染色,紫外灯下观察并拍照,在531bp、303 bp、319 bp、131 bp处出现肉眼可见条带判为阳性。
1.5 统计分析 采用c2检验及Fisher确切概率法,以P<0.05为有统计学差异。
2 结果
2.1 巢式RT-PCR扩增结果 83例肺癌患者及10例正常捐献者、5例非肿瘤患者外周血单个核细胞、15例上皮性恶性肿瘤组织分别提取细胞总RNA后进行巢式RT-PCR扩增,所有标本均扩增出内参对照β-actin(531 bp),见图1。
2.2 肺癌肿瘤组织、阴性对照组外周血CK20、CK19、CEA mRNA表达情况 15例肺癌肿瘤组织中CK20、CK19、CEA全部表达,表达率15/15(100%);15例正常捐献者外周血CK19、CEA表达率2/15(13.3%),CK20表达率1/15(6.67%);各项指标表达情况实验组与对照组相比均有统计学差异(P<0.05)。
2.3 肺癌患者外周血CK20、CK19、CEA mRNA表达情况83例患者外周血中,CK20、CK19、CEA阳性表达率分别为34/83(41.0%)、30/83(36.1%)、40/83(48.2%)。
同时检测CK19和CK20或CK19和CEA或CK20和CEA阳性表达率分别为(49/83)59.0%、(54/83)65.1%、(51/83)61.4%。3个基因同时检测时,至少1个基因阳性表达率高达73.5%(61/83)。
2.4 外周血CK20、CK19、CEA mRNA阳性表达与肿瘤患者临床病理情况的关系分析 患者按年龄分为≤60岁和>60岁两组,按病理形态将肿瘤分化程度分为高(分化良好)、中(分化中等)、低(低、未分化)3类,浸润深度按TNM分期法分为T1-T2和T3-T4两组进行比较,临床分期根据2009年国际抗癌联盟(International Union Against Cancer, UICC)公布的修订后的肺癌国际分期法,分I-IIB和IIIA-IV两组比较。结果显示83例肺癌患者外周血中,CK20 mRNA阳性表达与肿瘤浸润深度、临床分期、是否发生淋巴结及远处转移有关(P<0.05);CEAmRNA阳性表达与肿瘤浸润深度、是否发生淋巴结及远处转移有关(P<0.05);CK19 mRNA阳性表达与肿瘤细胞分化程度、临床分期、淋巴结转移、远处转移有关(P<0.05)。CK19、CK20 mRNA或CEA mRNA单基因阳性表达皆与肿瘤患者的年龄、性别无明显联系(表1)。同时检测CK19和CK20或CK19和CEA至少一个基因阳性表达与肿瘤浸润深度、临床分期、有无淋巴结转移及远处转移有关(P<0.05);同时检测CK20和CEA至少一个。

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